How do fireworks work?

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A firework is actually made with two main parts: a launcher, called a "mortar tube," and the explosive, called a "shell." The shell is a paper or cardboard package filled with a bursting charge, which trigger the shell explosion, a fuse, which provides a time delay for the explosion, and "stars," or the chemicals that make the explosion visible.  

To light a firework, the mortar tube is loosely packed with black powder (also known as gunpowder) which, when ignited, produces gases that shoot the shell out of the tube and into the air. The same explosion that launches the shell into the sky also lights the fuse attached to it. Once the shell is far enough away from the ground (and the people on it!), the fuse burns into the bursting charge and another explosion happens — this one causing the the bright colors and loud sounds you see on the ground below! 

Fireworks may be tons of fun to watch, but they are still extremely dangerous and safety precautions should be observed each and every time. Only a designated grownup should ever touch a firework (lit or not), and you should make sure to maintain a distance of at least 20 feet from the shooters at all times — not only does this keep everyone safe, but it makes it easier to enjoy the show!

Did you know?
The color of a firework is determined by the combination of chemicals packed into the "stars" - reds and oranges are made with salts mixed with lithium or calcium, whites are made with metals like magnesium, and blues and purples are made with copper particles.